This course examines the cultural and visual pluralism of Latin America from the pre-Columbian era through the colonial period, with a focus on the Spanish colonies. Three centuries of contact and exchange between Europe and the Americas produced artistic and cultural contexts that were distinct from those in earlier periods on both continents, yet research in the field yields divergent assessments of Spanish colonial art and culture: evidence of domination and resistance often conflicts or coexists with examples of hybridity, adaptation, and assimilation. We will examine various forms of visual and material culture, including painting, sculpture, architecture, textiles, maps, manuscripts, ritual performances, and objects of daily use.